Novel 3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonic acids

ABSTRACT

Novel syn isomers of racemates and optical isomers of 3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonic acids of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen linear or branched optionally substituted alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally substituted alkenyl and alkynyl of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, R 1  is --(CH 2 ) n  --X, n is an integer from 1 to 4, X is selected from the group consisting of halogen, --CN, --OR&#39;, --SR 1  &#34;, azido, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, and ##STR2## is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R&#34; is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a heterocycle and R&#39; and R&#34; are individiually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a heterocycle and A 1  is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and metal cations and their nontoxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, the wavy line indicating the cis form, trans form or cis trans forms having antibiotic properties.

PRIOR APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.855,161 filed Apr. 23, 1986 now abandoned which is a continuation ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 588,139 filed Mar. 9, 1984, nowabandoned which in turn is a continuation-in-part of copending, commonlyassigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 436,526 filed Oct. 25, 1982,now abandoned.

STATE OF THE ART

British Pat. No. 2,071,650, U.S. Pat. No. 4,288,364 and French Pat. Nos.2,313,362 and 2,361,885, U.S. Pat. No. 4,085,100 and European Pat. No.21,678 describe related compounds.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide the novel compounds offormula I and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid additionsalts and their preparation.

It is another object of the invention to provide novel antibioticcompositions and to combat bacterial infections in warm-blooded animals.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will becomeobvious from the following detailed description.

THE INVENTION

The novel compounds of the invention are selected from the groupconsisting of syn isomers of racemates and optical isomers of3-amino-2-oxoazetidine-1-sulfonic acids of the formula ##STR3## whereinR is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen linear or branchedoptionally substituted alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and optionallysubstituted alkenyl and alkynyl of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, R₁ is--(CH₂)_(n) --X, n is an integer from 1 to 4, X is selected from thegroup consisting of halogen, --CN, --OR, --SR₁ ", azido, thiocyanate,isothiocyanate, and ##STR4## is selected from the group consisting ofhydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R₁ " is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and aheterocycle and R' and R" are individually selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and takentogether with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a heterocycleand A¹ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and metalcations and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid additionsalts, the wavy line indicating the cis form, trans form or cis transforms.

Examples of R are (a) alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl,butyl, sec-butyl, tert.-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl,tert-pentyl, neo-pentyl, hexyl, iso-hexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl,heptyl, octyl, decyl, undecyl and dodecyl, (b) alkenyl such as vinyl,allyl, 1-propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl and hexenyl and (c) alkynyl such asethynyl, propargyl and butynyl. The groups (a) to (c) may be substitutedby at least one member of the group consisting of carboxy optionallysalified or esterified, alkoxycarbonyl of 2 to 7 carbon atoms such asmethoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl, cyano, carbamoyl, dimethylcarbamoyl,amino, dialkylamino such as dimethylamino, diethylamino, alkylamino suchas methylamino, halogen such as chlorine, bromine or iodine, alkoxy of 1to 7 carbon atoms such as methoxy, ethoxy and propoxy, alkylthio of 1 to7 carbon atoms such as methylthio and ethylthio, aryl such as phenyl, oraryl heterocyclic such as tetrazolyl and pyridinyl, arylthio such asphenylthio optionally substituted and aryl heterocyclic-thio such astetrazolythio and thiadiazolythio optionally substituted with an alkylof 1 to 7 carbon atoms such as methyl.

Examples of R are hydrogen, methyl, carboxyethyl optionally esterifiedor salified, 1-carboxy-1-methyl-ethyl optionally esterified or salified,and 2-amino ethyl and difluoromethyl.

Examples of R₁ are chloromethyl, chloroethyl, chloropropyl,1-chloro-1-methyl-ethyl and chlorobutyl as well as the correspondingbromine, iodine or fluorine substituents in particular bromomethyl andfluoromethyl; cyanomethyl cyanoethyl and the corresponding alkyls.

Examples of R₁ ' and R₁ " are alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms andespecially methyl R₁ " may also be heterocycle such as1,2,3-thiadiazolyl 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl or1,3,4-thiadiazolyl; 1H tetrazolyl; 1,3-thiazolyl; 1,2,3 or1,2,4-triazolyl; 1,3,4-triazolyl; 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl; 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl;1,2,5-oxadiazolyl 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, all optionally substituted by atleast one member of the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl,isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propyloxy, isopropyloxy, amino,hydroxycarbonylmethyl, dimethylaminoethyl and diethylaminoethyl.Especially preferred are 1-methyl-tetrazolyl,2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolyl,3-methoxy-1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl and more especially,1-methyl-tetrazolyl radicals. ##STR5##

The

can be amino, dimethylamino, methylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino,piperidino, or morpholino.

The sulfo acid in position 1 as well as the carboxy which the radical Rcan contain can be salified. Examples are the salts of sodium,potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, and ammonium, the salts oforganic bases such as trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine,methylamine, propylamine, N,N-dimethyl-ethanolamine, tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, ethanolamine, pyridine, picoline,dicyclohexylamine, N',N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, morpholine,benzylamine, procaine, lysine, arginine, histidine, N-methyl glucamine.

Examples of acids for the formation of non-toxic, pharmaceuticallyacceptable acid addition salts are organic acids such as acetic acid,trifluoroacetic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulfonic acid,benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluene-sulfonic acid and mineral acids such ashydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.The products with the formula (I) can also be in the form of internalsalts. The preferred products are the cis products.

More preferred are the syn isomers of products in the cis form of theformula ##STR6## wherein R₂ is selected from the group consisting ofhydrogen and linear or branched alkyl optionally substituted by at leastone halogen, cyano, carboxyl or amino, n' is a whole number from 1 to 2and X' is fluoro, thiocyanato or 2-pyridinylthiomethyl, in the racemicor optically active form, as well as the salts of the said compoundswith bases or acids.

Also preferred are compounds of formula I' wherein n' is 1 and X' isfluoro and those wherein R₂ is hydrogen or methyl, difluoromethyl,carboxymethyl optionally salified or esterified, aminoethyl, cyanomethyland 1-methyl-1-carboxyethyl optionally salified or esterified.Especially preferred are the racemates of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxy-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid as well as of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxy-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid and their salts.

It is understood that the compounds of formula I can also exist in thetautomeric imine form of the formula ##STR7##

The lactam nucleus is numbered as follows ##STR8## and the productsdesignated cis are the compounds of the formula ##STR9## The transcompounds have the formula ##STR10##

The novel process of the invention for the preparation of compounds offormula I comprises reacting a racemic or optically active compound ofthe formula PG,8 ##STR11## wherein Ra is R₁ and R₁ has the abovedefinition or Ra may be the protected functions of R₁ and A is hydrogenor sulfo with a compound of the formula ##STR12## wherein R_(b) isselected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an amino protectivegroup and R_(b) ' is a hydroxyl protective group or R of the abovesignificance or protected R reactive groups to obtain a racemic mixtureor an optical isomer of a compound of the formula ##STR13## which ifdesired can be submitted to at least one of the following reactions inany desired order:

(a) removal by hydrolysis, hydrogenolysis or by reaction with thioureaof the protective group or groups which R_(b) and R'_(b) represent orwhich R'_(b) and R_(a) can include.

(b) Esterification or salification of the carboxy which R_(b) ' caninclude and salification of the sulfo radical.

(c) Salification by an acid of any amino.

(d) Sulfonation of the products in which A is hydrogen.

(e) Resolution of the molecule so as to obtain an optically activeproduct.

In the compounds of formula II, R_(a) is usually R₁, but when R₁ is--(CH₂)_(n) --X, especially when X is --OH or --NH₂, it is preferred toprotect the said groups with removable groups. Examples of amineprotective groups are alkyl such as tert.-butyl or tert.-amyl and acylgroups of aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic carboxylic acids andcarbamoyl.

Examples of lower alkanoyl groups are formyl, acetyl, propionyl,butyryl, isobutyryl, valeryl, isovaleryl, oxalyl, succinyl and pivaloyl,R_(b) can also be lower alkoxy or cycloalkoxycarbonyl such asmethoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl,1-cyclopropylethoxycarbonyl, isopropyloxycarbonyl, butyloxycarbonyl,tert.-butyloxycarbonyl, pentyloxycarbonyl, hexyloxycarbonyl, benzoyl,toluolyl, naphthoyl, phthaloyl, mesyl, phenylacetyl and phenylpropionyl,or an aralkoxycarbonyl such as benzyloxycarbonyl.

The acyl groups may be substituted, for example, by chlorine, bromine,iodine or fluorine such as chloroacetyl, dichloroacetyl,trichloroacetyl, bromoacetyl or trifluoroacetyl. A lower aralkyl groupsuch as benzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl or phenylethyl, trityl,3,4-dimethoxybenzyl or benzhydryl may also be used. A haloalkyl such astrichloroethyl may also be used.

Other examples are chlorobenzoyl, p-nitrobenzoyl tert.-butylbenzoyl,phenoxyacetyl, caprylyl, n-decanoyl, acryloyl, ortrichloroethoxycarbonyl. Also to be utilized are methylcarbamoyl,phenylcarbamoyl, naphthylcarbamoyl as well as the correspondingthiocarbamoyls. The above list is not limitative, since it is obviousthat other amine protective groups, especially those known in thechemistry of the peptides, can equally be utilized.

The protective group for the hydroxyl radical can be an acyl group suchas formyl, acetyl, chloroacetyl, bromoacetyl, dichloroacetyl,trichloroacetyl, trifluoroacetyl, methoxyacetyl, phenoxyacetyl, benzoyl,benzoylformyl and p-nitrobenzoyl. There can also be used ethoxycarbonyl,methoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, βββ-trichloroethoxycarbonyl,benzyloxycarbonyl, tert.-butoxycarbonyl, 1-cyclopropylethoxycarbonyl,tetrahydropyrannyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, methoxytetrahydropyranyl,trityl, benzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl benzhydryl, trichloroethyl, 1-methyl1-methoxyethyl and phthaloyl.

Others acyls such as propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, valeryl,isovaleryl, oxalyl, succinyl and pivaloyl can also be used as well asphenylacetyl, phenylpropionyl, mesyl, chlorobenzoyl, paranitrobenzoyl,p-tertbutylbenzoyl, caprylyl, acryloyl, methylcarbamoyl, phenylcarbamoyland naphthylcarbamoyl.

Naturally, the values of the substituents R_(b), when these do notrepresent a hydrogen atom, as well as the values of the protectivegroups which R_(b) ' can possibly represent or include in particularwhen R_(b) ' includes an amine, can also be taken from the listsmentioned above.

In a mode of the process of the invention, the compound of formula II isreacted with a functional derivative of a compound of formula III. Thisfunctional derivative can for example be a halide, a symmetric or mixedanhydride, an amide or an activated ester.

An example of a mixed anhydride may be that formed with isobutylchloroformate and that formed with pivaloyl chloride and the mixedcarboxylic-sulfonic anhydrides formed for example, with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride. An example of an activated ester is the ester formedwith 2,4-dinitrophenol and that formed with hydroxybenzothiazole. Asexample of an acid halide, there can be cited the chloride or bromide.There can also be used the acid azide or the acid amide. The anhydridecan be formed in situ by the action with aN,N'-disubstitutedcarbodiimide, such as N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.

The acylation reaction is preferably carried out in an organic solventsuch as methylene chloride. Other solvents such as tetrahydrofuran,chloroform or dimethylformamide can be used.

When an acid halide is used, and in a general way when a hydrogen halideis liberated in the reaction, it is preferable to carry out the reactionin the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium or potassium, sodium acetate,triethylamine, pyridine, morpholine or N-methylmorpholine. The reactiontemperature is generally less than or equal to the ambient temperature.When R_(b) is hydrogen, it is preferred to use a carboxylic-sulfonicmixed anhydride.

Depending on the values of R_(b), R_(b) ' and Ra, the products offormula IV may or may not fall within the scope of formula I. Theproducts of formula IV fall within the scope of formula I when R_(b) ishydrogen, when R_(b) ' is not a protective group for hydroxyl or is notR including a protected function, and finally when R_(a) is not R₁ inwhich a reactive function is protected and when A is not hydrogen.

In the other cases, the action on the product of formula IV of one ormore hydrolysis or hydrogenolysis agents or of thiourea will eliminateR_(b) when the latter is a protective radical of the amino, ofeliminating R_(b) ' when the latter is a protective group of thehydroxyl, and of eliminating the other protective groups which R_(a) andR_(b) ' can include.

The kind of reagents to be put in action in all these cases is wellknown to an expert in the subject. Examples of such reactions are givenfurther on in the experimental part. There is given below anon-exhaustive list of the means which can be employed to eliminate thedifferent groups.

The elimination of the group R_(b) can be effected by acidic or basichydrolysis or by utilizing hydrazine. It is preferred to use acidhydrolysis to eliminate optionally substituted alkoxy andcycloalkoxycarbonyl groups, such as tertpentyloxycarbonyl ortert-.butyloxycarbonyl, optionally substituted aralkoxycarbonyls such asbenzyloxycarbonyl, and trityl, benzhydryl, tert-.butyl or4-methoxy-benzyl. The acid which is preferably used may be chosen fromthe group consisting of hydrochloric acid, benzene sulfonic acid, orp-toluene sulfonic acid, formic acid or trifluoroacetic acid. Howeverother mineral or organic acids can also be used.

It is preferred to use basic hydrolysis to eliminate acyl groups such astrifluoroacetyl such as a mineral base like sodium or potassiumhydroxide but also useful are magnesia, baryta, or a carbonate orbicarbonate of an alkali metal such as the carbonates and bicarbonatesof sodium or potassium or other bases. There can also be used sodium orpotassium acetate. Hydrolysis using hydrazine is preferably used toeliminate groups such as phthaloyl.

When R_(b) is trichloroethyl, it can also be eliminated by thezinc-acetic acid system. Benzhydryl and benzyloxycarbonyl groups arepreferably removed with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.Chloroacetyl is eliminated by the action of thiourea in a neutral oracid medium by the reaction described by MASAKI J.A.C.S., 90, 4508,(1968). Other methods known in the literature for removing protectivegroups such as removal by oxidization particularly for benzyl areuseful.

Among the preferred groups are formyl, acetyl, ethoxycarbonyl, mesyl,trifluoroacetyl, chloroacetyl and trityl, with trityl and chloroacetylbeing particularly preferred. The preferred acid is trifluoroacetic acidor formic acid.

The elimination of the R_(b) ' radical or the protective groups whichR_(b) ' and R_(a) contain, when this is necessary, is carried out insimilar conditions to those previously described for the elimination ofR_(b).

Acid hydrolysis, among others can be used to remove optionallysubstituted alkyl or aralkyl radicals. It is preferred to use an acidchosen from the group formed by hydrochloric acid, formic acid,trifluoroacetic acid and p-toluene sulfonic acid.

Other values for the R_(b) or R_(b) ' or the protective groups whichR_(b) ' or R_(a) contain are removed, when this is desired, by processesknown to the expert. It is preferred to operate under moderateconditions, such as at ambient temperature or with slight heating.Naturally, when, for example, R_(b) or R_(b) ' or R_(a) are or containdifferent groups which can be removed, several agents included in theprevious lists can be made to act on the compounds of formula IV.

Salification of the products can be carried out by the usual methods.Salification can be effected by reacting a compound of formula I in theacid form or as a solvate such as the ethanol solvate or a hydrate ofthe acid with a mineral base such as sodium or potassium hydroxide orsodium or potassium carbonate or bicarbonate. There can also be utilizedthe salts of mineral acids such as tri-sodium phosphate as well as saltsof organic acids. A list of such salts of organic acids can be found forexample, in the French Pat. No. 2,476,087. It is preferred to use sodiumacetate, sodium 2-ethyl hexanoate or sodium diethyl acetate.Salification can also be obtained by reaction with an organic base or ofan amino acid.

The esterification, if required of the compounds of formula I wherein Ris an acid function may also be carried out in standard conditions.

The sulfonation of the compounds of formula IV wherein A is hydrogen iscarried out with sulfuric anhydride or a reactive derivative of the saidanhydride.

It is preferred to use the complex of pyridinesulfuric anhydride butalso useful are other complexes of sulfuric anhydride with dioxane ortrimethylamine. The reaction is carried out in usual solvents such asethyl acetate, chloroform or dimethylformamide, and it can be effectedat ambient temperature. When the complex pyridine-sulfuric anhydride isused, the products can be isolated in the form of pyridinium salts.

The resolution of the racemic molecules of formulae II or IV if desiredcan be carried out according to the usual methods. An optically activeorganic carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid such as tartaric acid,dibenzoyltartaric acid, camphosulfonic acid or glutamic acid can be usedwith the decomposition of the salt obtained being carried out with amineral base such as sodium bicarbonate or an organic base such as atertiary amine like triethylamine.

The invention is especially concerned with the process as describedabove wherein the compound of formula II wherein A is hydrogen isreacted with a compound of formula III wherein R_(b) is a protectivegroup for the amino, and the sulfonation is carried out with a compoundof formula IV in which R_(b) is a protective group for the amine.

The preferred protective group of R_(b) is trityl. It is preferred tocarried out the sulfonation with the complex pyridine sulfuricanhydride.

Also an object of the invention is a process for the preparation of thecompounds of formula II by reacting a compound of the formula ##STR14##wherein R_(a) has the above definition and R_(p) is a protective groupfor an imino with a compound of the formula ##STR15## wherein one ofR_(p) ' and R_(p) " is hydrogen and the other is a protective group foran amino, or R_(p) ' and R_(p) " together form a divalent protectivegroup and B is hydroxyl or halogen to obtain a compound of the formula##STR16## wherein R_(a), R_(p), R_(p) ' and R_(p) " have the abovedefinitions and the said product may be subjected to the followingreactions:

(a) Removal of R_(p) by hydrolysis, hydrogenolysis or action ofthiourea;

(b) Possible sulfonation of the amine in the 1-position;

(c) Removal of R_(p) ' and R_(p) " by hydrolysis, hydrogenolysis oraction of thiourea; and

(d) Possible resolutioon of the molecule to obtain an optically activeproduct.

The protective group of R_(p) can be selected from the list ofsubstituents given above for amines. However, it is preferred to use abenzyl or 2,4-dimethoxy-benzyl or an equivalent.

In addition, the protective group R_(p) can contain an asymmetric carbonatom and also an object of the invention is in particular a process aspreviously defined, characterised in that at the start a compound offormula (V) wherein R_(p) represents a protective group of the iminoradical containing an asymmetric group is used and a compound of formula(VII) is isolated in the optically active form.

These optically active products of formula (VII) lead to opticallyactive compounds of formula (I) according to the process previouslydescribed.

As protective group, there can be cited particularly the 1-phenyl ethylgroup.

An example of the preparation of an optically active compound of formula(VII) is provided further on in the experimental part.

Also R'_(p) and R"_(p) can be selected from the same list of protectiveradicals given above but it is preferred to use phthaloyl.

B can be halogen and the acid chloride is preferred. When B is halogen,the reaction of the compound of formula V with the compound of formulaVI is carried out in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or ofa metal such as zinc. When B is hydroxyl, the reaction is effected inthe presence of a dehydratation agent such as an acid anhydride,preferably trifluoroacetic anhydride.

The action of the compounds of formula V with the compounds of formulaVI gives cis products preferentially. Trans products are obtained byisomerization in a basic medium.

When it is required to sulfonate the compounds, the object of the firstde-protection reaction is the selective deblocking of R_(p). Therefore,as indicated above, it is preferred to utilize benzyl ordi-methoxybenzyl which is preferably deblocked by an oxidizing agentsuch as potassium peroxodisulfate. It is preferred to operate in asolvent such as a water-acetic acid mixture or acetonitrile.

The sulfonation of compounds wherein the secondary amine in the1-position is free is carried out as indicated above. The possiblesecond deblocking operation is to liberate the amine in the 3-positionby removal of the R_(p) ' and R_(p) ". When, as indicated above,phthalimido is used, the removal is effected with hydrazine, preferablyhydrazine hydrate in a solvent such as dimethylformamide.

Naturally, in particular in the case where the sulfonation of theproducts of formula IV is not carried out, R_(p), R_(p) ' and R_(p) "can be eliminated simultaneously. Resolution, as indicated above, iscarried out in the usual manner.

Also an object of the invention is a process for the preparation ofcompounds of the formula ##STR17## wherein A has the above definition, nis a whole number between 1 and 4 and X" is X, X having the significanceindicated above with the exception of halogen, or X" is X in which areactive function is protected comprising reacting a compound of theformula ##STR18## wherein R_(q) ' and R_(q) " each are hydrogen or havethe significance of R_(p) ' and R_(p) " indicated above, with a reactivederivative of cyano radical, of --OR₁ ', --SR₁ ", ##STR19## --SCN or--NCS to obtain a compound of the formula ##STR20## wherein X", A, R_(q)' and R_(q) " have the values indicated above, which product isoptionally submitted to any one or more of the following reactions:

(a) Removal of R_(q) ' and R_(q) " when they are other than hydrogen byhydrolysis, hydrogenolysis or by action of thiourea;

(b) Sulfonation of the products in which A is hydrogen;

(c) Resolution of the molecule to obtain an optically active product.

The reaction of a compound of formula VIII with the reactive derivativesof the radicals which it is wished to substitute for the halogen atom iscarried out under the usual conditions. For example, the exchangebetween a halogen and a mercaptan is preferably effected with an alkalimetal salt of the mercaptan such as a sodium salt.

The exchange between the halogen atom and an alkali metal acetate suchas sodium or potassium acetate enables a protected hydroxyl radical tobe introduced which can be liberated and then, if desired, etherified.The action of an amine optionally protected by one if the radicalsindicated above enables an optionally protected ##STR21## to beintroduced.

An alkali metal azide, preferably sodium azide, can be reacted tointroduce the azido radical. An alkali metal cyanide or thiocyanate canalso be reacted to obtain the products in which X is the said radicalsor an isothiocyanate. The subsequent operations of possiblede-protection, of sulfonation and of resolution, also possible, arecarried out in the manner indicated above.

The novel antibiotic compositions of the invention are comprised of anantibiotically effective amount of at least one compound of formula Iand their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and an inert pharmaceuticalcarrier or excipient. The compositions may be in the form of tablets,dragees, capsules, granules, suppositories, injectable solutions orsuspensions, ointments, creams and gels prepared in the usual manner.

Examples of suitable excipients are talc, arabic gum, lactose, starch,magnesium stearate, coca butter, aqueous and non-aqueous vehicles, fattybodies of animal or vegetable origin, paraffinic derivatives, glycols,various wetting, dispersing and emulsifying agents and preservatives.Especially useful are powders to be dissolved in an appropriate vehiclesuch as sterile apyrogeneous water.

The compositions of the invention have a very good antibiotic activityagainst Gram negative bacteria, particularly coliform bacteria,klebsiella, salmonella and proteus. The compositions can particularly beused as medicaments in the treatment of colibacilloses and associatedinfections, in proteus, klebsiella and salmonella infections and inother disorders caused by Gram negative bacteria.

Especially preferred are the compositions containing as the activeingredient a syn isomer of a cis compound of the formula ##STR22##wherein R₂ is hydrogen or linear or branched alkyl optionallysubstituted with at least one halogen, --CN, carboxyl or amino, n' is 1or 2 and X' is fluoro, thiocyanato or 2-pyridinylthiomethyl in racemicor optically active isomeric form and their salts with non-toxic,pharmaceutically acceptable acids or bases.

Especially preferred compositions of the invention are those of formulaI' wherein n' is 1 and X is fluoro, those wherein R₂ is hydrogen,methyl, difluoromethyl, carboxymethyl optionally salified or esterfied,aminoethyl, cyanomethyl or 1-methyl-1-carboxyethyl optionally salifiedor esterfied and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salts withacids and bases. The most preferred compositions are those containingthe racemate or optically active isomer of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid those containing the racemate or optically active isomer of the synisomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)2-difluoromethoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine1-sulfonicacid and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

The novel method of the invention for combatting bacterial infections inwarm-blooded animals, including humans, comprises administering towarm-blooded animals an antibacterically effective amount of at leastone compound of formula I and their non-toxic, pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts or acids and bases. The compounds may be administeredorally, rectally, parenterally or topically on the skin or mucous. Thecompositions may be administered at a dose of 3,5 to 50 mg/kg dependingon the compound and the condition treated and the method ofadministration. For example, the compound of Example 1 may be orallyadministered at 0.250 to 4 g per day of intramuscularly at 0.500 to 1 gthree times a day to humans. The compositions may also be used asdisinfectants for surgical instruments.

The novel intermediates which are an object of the invention have theformulae ##STR23## wherein R_(b), R_(b) ', A and R_(a) have the abovedefinitions and ##STR24## wherein R_(a) has the above definition, and A'represents A whit the proviso that when A' is hydrogen, R_(a) is notmethylthio, hydroxymethyl, azidomethyl, amino methyl or alkoxymethyl andthe wavy line indicates the cis form, trans form or cis trans form.

The starting compounds of formula V which are not known may be preparedby reacting an aldehyde of the formula

    R.sub.a CHO

possibly in its hydrate form R_(a) CH(OH)₂ with a protected amine of theformula R_(p) NH₂.

Besides the compounds set forth in the specific working examples, othersuitable compounds of formula I are illustrated in the following Table.

    __________________________________________________________________________    R             R.sub.1                                                                             R             R.sub.1                                     __________________________________________________________________________    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                           CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.3 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 Cl                                 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.2 I                                                                          CH.sub.2 Cl                                 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         H.sub.2 CCCH  CH.sub.2 Cl                                 nC.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                            CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         HCCH.sub.2    CH.sub.2 Cl                                 CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                          ##STR25##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                          ##STR26##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                  ##STR27##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                          ##STR28##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                          ##STR29##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                  ##STR30##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2CH.sub.2N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                           CH.sub.2 Cl                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                           CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         H             CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 tBu                                                                       CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                           ##STR31##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                                                                           CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2CHCHCO.sub.2 H                                                                      CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                           ##STR32##    CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub. 2 CH.sub.2 Br                                                                       CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2 CN   CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 I                                                                         CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CN                                                                         CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                           CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 tBu                                                                       CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                  CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 Cl                                                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 tBu                                                              CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                           CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.3 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 Br                                 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.2 I                                                                          CH.sub.2 Br                                 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         H.sub.2 CCCH  CH.sub.2 Br                                 nC.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                            CH.sub.2 Br                                                                          HCCH.sub.2   CH.sub.2 Br                                 CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 Br                                                                          ##STR33##    CH.sub.2 Br                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 Br                                                                          ##STR34##    CH.sub.2 Br                                  ##STR35##    CH.sub.2 Br                                                                          ##STR36##    CH.sub.2 Br                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 Br                                                                          ##STR37##    CH.sub.2 Br                                  ##STR38##    CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2CH.sub.2N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                           CH.sub.2 Br                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                           CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 Br                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub. 2 tBu                                                                      CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  CH.sub.2 Br                                  ##STR39##    CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         H             CH.sub.2 Br                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                                                                           CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         H             CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2CHCHCO.sub.2 H                                                                      CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                           ##STR40##    CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2 CN   CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CN                                                                         CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Br                                                                        CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 I                                                                         CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 Br                                                                          CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                          CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                          CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 tBu                                                                       CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                                                                  CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 OH                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                  CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                                                                  (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 OH                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 tBu                                                              CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3                                                                  (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 OH                                 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                           CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.3 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 OH                                 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         H             CH.sub.2 SCN                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 SCN                                nC.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                            CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  CH.sub.2 SCN                                CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 SCN                                CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 SCN                                 ##STR41##    CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.2 I                                                                          CH.sub.2 OH                                 (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                 CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         H.sub.2 CCCH  CH.sub.2 OH                                  ##STR42##    CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         HCCH.sub.2    CH.sub.2 OH                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                           CH.sub.2 OH                                                                          ##STR43##    CH.sub.2 OH                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 tBu                                                                       CH.sub.2 OH                                                                          ##STR44##    CH.sub.2 OH                                  ##STR45##    CH.sub.2 OH                                                                          ##STR46##    CH.sub.2 OH                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                                                                           CH.sub. 2 OH                                                                         ##STR47##    CH.sub.2 OH                                 CH.sub.2CHCHCO.sub.2 H                                                                      CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         CH.sub.2CH.sub.2N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                           CH.sub.2 OH                                  ##STR48##    CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 OH                                 CH.sub.2 CN   CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2NH.sub.2                                                                   CH.sub.2 OH                                 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CN                                                                         CH.sub.2 OH                                                                         H             CH.sub.2 OH                                 H             CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                   CH.sub.2CHCH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                   CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                    ##STR49##    CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                   (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                 CH.sub.2 SH                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                    ##STR50##    CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Br                                                                        CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                   CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                           CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 I                                                                         CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                   CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 tBu                                                                       CH.sub.2 SH                                 H             CH.sub.2 N.sub.3                                                                     ##STR51##    CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 N.sub.3                                                                    C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                                                                           CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  CH.sub.2 N.sub.3                                                                    CH.sub.2CHCHCO.sub.2 H                                                                      CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 N.sub.3                                                                     ##STR52##    CH.sub.2 SH                                 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 N.sub.3                                                                    CH.sub.2 CN   CH.sub.2 SH                                 H             CH.sub.2 NCS                                                                        (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CN                                                                         CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 NCS                                                                        CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  CH.sub.2 NCS                                                                        (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                         CH.sub.2 NCS                                                                        (CH.sub.2).sub.2 Cl                                                                         CH.sub.2 SH                                 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                           CH.sub.2 SH                                                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.3 Br                                                                         CH.sub.2 SH                                 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                   CH.sub.2 SH                                                                         C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                CH.sub.2 NCS                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                                          CH.sub.2 SH                                                                         H             CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                  nC.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                            CH.sub.2 SH                                                                         CH.sub.3      CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                  __________________________________________________________________________    R                       R.sub.1                                               __________________________________________________________________________    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                            CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                            CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H     CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                            (CH.sub.2).sub.2 I      CH.sub.2 SH                                           H.sub.2 CCCH            CH.sub.2 SH                                           HCCH.sub.2              CH.sub.2 SH                                            ##STR53##              CH.sub.2 SH                                            ##STR54##              CH.sub.2 SH                                            ##STR55##              CH.sub.2 SH                                            ##STR56##              CH.sub.2 SH                                           CH.sub.2CH.sub.2N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                                     CH.sub.2 SH                                           CH.sub.3                CH.sub.2 SH                                           CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                            CH.sub.2 SH                                           H                       CH.sub.2 SH                                           C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                          CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                            CH.sub.2 CN             CH.sub.2 F                                            CH.sub.2CO.sub.2 H      CH.sub.2 F                                            CH.sub.3                                                                                               ##STR57##                                            CHF.sub.2                                                                                              ##STR58##                                            __________________________________________________________________________

In the following examples there are described several preferredembodiments to illustrate the invention. However, it is to be understoodthat the invention is not intended to be limited to the specificembodiments.

EXAMPLE 1 Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxoazetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A: 2-chloro-N-benzyl-ethanimine

A solution of 4 ml of chloroacetaldehyde in 20 ml of demineralized waterwas cooled and a solution of 2.14 g of benzylamine in 10 ml of water wasadded thereto with stirring. After stirring for 5 minutes at 10° to 15°C., a gum was obtained and a turbid solution which was extracted with 30ml and then with 20 ml of benzene. The organic solution was dried,filtered, rinsed and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under vacuumto obtain 3.34 g of 2chloro-N-benzylethanimine which was used as is forthe next step.

STEP B: Cis N-benzyl-3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-azetidinone

A solution of 3.34 g of the product Step A in 20 ml of methylenechloride was cooled to -50° C. and 2.8 ml of triethylamine were addedall at once. A solution of 4 g of phthalimidoacetic acid chloride in 20ml of methylene chloride was added thereto over 20 minutes. The mixturewas stirred for one hour at 0° to -5° C. and was then poured into adecanting flask. The decanted organic phase was washed with 50 ml ofdemineralized water and 5 ml of a molar aqueous solution of sodiumbicarbonate, and then twice with 30 ml of demineralized water. The washwater was re-extracted with 20 ml of methylene chloride and the combinedorganic phases were dried, rinsed and evaporated to dryness undervacuum. The 6 g of residue were chromatographed over silica gel andeluted with methylene chloride containing 5% ether. The fraction with anRf=0.45 was evaporated to dryness and the residue was triturated with 10ml of ether. The separated product was rinsed three times with 2 ml ofether and dried under vacuum to obtain 1.25 g of cisN-benzyl-3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-azetidinone melting at 149° C.

STEP C: Cis 3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-azetidinone

A mixture of 17.75 g of the product of Step B, 31 g of potassiumperoxodisulfate, 110 ml of water and 160 ml of acetic acid was heatedfor 25 minutes with strong agitation in an oil bath at 120° C. and wasthen cooled to room temperature. 50 g of dipotassium phosphate wereadded to the mixture to adjust the pH to neutrality and was evaporatedto dryness under reduced pressure. 250 ml of water and 150 ml of ethylacetate were added to the residue and after stirring, sodium bicarbonatewas added in small quantities until evolution of gas ceased. The mixturewas filtered and the filtrate was rinsed with ethyl acetate. Thedecanted aqueous phase was re-extracted with 50 ml of ethyl acetate andthe combined organic phases were dried, filtered, rinsed and evaporatedto dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed over200 g of silica gel and eluted with methylene chloride with 25% of ethylacetate. The rich fractions were recovered and evaporated to dryness.The residue was dissolved in ether, and the solution was rinsed anddried to obtain 5.4 g of cis 3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-azetidinone.

Analysis: C₁₂ H₉ N₂ Cl; molecular weight=264.67

Calculated: % C54.46 % H3.43

Found: 54.7 3.5.

STEP D: 4-chloromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride

12 ml of a solution of 2 ml of hydrazine hydrate in 20 ml ofdimethylformamide was added dropwise to a solution of 5.3 g of theproduct of Step C in 5.4 ml of methylene chloride. After stirring, themixture stood for 20 minutes and about 30 ml of hydrochloric acid wereadded thereto to form a complete solution with a pH of 3. After stirringfor 18 hours at room temperature, the mixture was filtered. The filterwas rinsed with water, then with ethanol and finally with ether andevaporated to dryness to obtain 2.844 g of product. The filtrate wasevaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and the residue was takenup twice with ethanol. The ethanol phase was evaporated to dryness andthe residue was added to 20 ml of ethanol. The mixture was stirred for45 minutes and vacuum filtered. The crystals were rinsed with ethanoland ether to obtain 2.466 g of 4-chloromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidinehydrochloride.

STEP E: Syn isomer of4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

A solution of 2.32 g of the syn isomer of2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido-acid in 23 ml ofmethylene chloride was cooled and 594 mg of dicyclohexylcarboiimide wereadded thereto. The mixture was stirred cold for 20 minutes addingthereto a solution of 441 mg of 4-chloromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidinehydrochloride in 10 ml of methylene chloride and 0.4 ml oftriethylamine. After stirring for 80 minutes at room temperature, thedicyclohexylurea formed was separate by filtration. The filtrate wasrinsed with methylene chloride, and 10 ml of a saturated solution ofsodium bicarbonate and 20 ml of water were added to the filtrate whichhas then stirred. The decanted organic phase was washed with water andthe organic phase was re-extracted and dried and evaporated to drynessunder reduced pressure. A minimum of ethyl acetate was added to theresidue and the mixture was filtered. The filter was rinsed with ethylacetate and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reducedpressure. The residue was dissolved in 5 ml of ethanol and the solutionwas slowly diluted with 10 ml of ether. Crystallization was initiatedand the mixture was stirred for 2 hours and vacuum filtered. The productwas rinsed with an 1-2-ethanol mixture to obtain 688 mg of syn isomer of4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-azetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine.

Analysis: C₂₉ H₂₆ O₃ N₅ SCl; molecular weight=560.08

Calculated: % C62.19% H4.68% N12.5

Found: 62.4 4.8 12.2.

STEP F: Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid

2.403 g of the product of Step E were added to a solution of 1.72 g ofpyridine sulfan (complex of sulfuric acid-pyridine anhydride) in 17.2 mlof dry dimethylformamide and after stirring the mixture for 66 hours atroom temperature, the mixture was filtered. The filter was rinsed withdimethylformamide and the filtrate was diluted with 300 ml of ether. Themixture was stirred and allowed to stand for 10 minutes. The mixture wasevaporated to dryness and the residue was triturated with ether. The gumwas taken up in 20 ml of ethanol and after dissolving and scratching,the expected product crystallized out. The mixture was lightly stirredfor 30 minutes and was filtered. The product was rinsed with ethanol andthen with ether to obtain 855 mg of cis pyridinium4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonate.

A mixture of 360 mg of the said product and 1.4 ml of formic acid with33% water was heated to 50° C. to effect dissolution and crystallizationof triphenylcarbinol occured. The mixture was left for 10 minutes at 50°C., cooled diluted with 0.6 ml of water and was filtered. The filter wasrinsed with water and a little ethanol was added to the filtrate, whichwas evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. Water and ethanol wereadded to the residue and the mixture was evaporated under vacuum todryness. 1.2 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonatewere added to the residue and the mixture was filtered. The filter wasrinsed with water and 3 drops of formic acid were added to the filtrate.Crystallization was induced and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutesand filtered. The product was rinsed with water and with ether and driedto obtain 113 mg of racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

Analysis: C₁₀ H₁₂ O₆ N₅ S₂ Cl--molecular weight=397.82

CAlculated: % C30.19% H3.04

Found: 29.6 3.2.

EXAMPLE 2 Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A: Cis4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine

A suspension of 7.6 g of cis4-chloromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine obtained by Step C ofExample 1, 5.48 g of sodium salt of 1-methyl-5-mercapto1,2,3,4-tetrazole (dehydrated), 4.3 g of sodium iodide and 57 ml ofdimethylformamide was heated to 100° C. and stirred for 3 hours at thistemperature and then cooled. The mixture was poured into 0.75 liters ofwater and 150 ml of ethyl acetate and was rinsed with water. The mixturewas vigorously stirred and the decanted phase was re-extracted with 75ml and then 45 ml of ethyl acetate, and was filtered. The filtrate waswashed with 150 ml of water, dried and filtered. The filtrate wasconcentrated to a small volume under reduced pressure, filtered a secondtime and rinsed with ethyl acetate. The combined insoluble products weredried to obtain 5.1 g of cis4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine.

Analysis: C₁₄ H₁₂ O₃ N₆ S 1/4 AcOEt; molecular weight=366.37

Calculated: % C49.17% H3.85% N22.94

Found: 49.2 3.7 23.0.

STEP B:Cis-4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azeridinehydrochloride

1 ml of hydrazine was added dropwise to a suspension of 5.845 g of theproduct of Step A in 18.5 ml of anhydrous dimethylformamide and themixture was stirred for 20 minutes at room temperature. 19 ml of waterand 24 ml of N hydrochloric acid were added to the mixture which had apH of 3. The mixture stood overnight with stirring at room temperatureand was then filtered. The filtrate was rinsed with water and evaporatedto dryness under reduced pressure. After adding ethanol to the residue,the mixture was triturated and evaporated to dryness. The residue wasdissolved in hot methanol which solution was evaporated to dryness. Theresidue was added to 20 ml of methanol, triturated, iced and filtered.The product was rinsed with iced methanol and with ether to obtain 2.49g of cis4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine-hydrochloride.

STEP C: Cis4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid

A mixture of 2.25 g of the syn isomer of2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetic acid in 21 ml ofmethylene chloride and 576 mg of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide was stirredfor 20 minutes in a bath of iced water and the bath was removed. Asolution of 597 mg of4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidinehydrochloride in 10 ml of methylene chloride and 0.38 ml oftriethylamine was added thereto and the mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 80 minutes and evaporated to dryness under reducedpressure. The residue was rinsed with methylene chloride, then withether and dried to obtain 1.594 ≢g of product containingdicyclohexylurea.

A mixture of 1.594 g of the said product and 0.66 g of pyridine sulfan(complex pyridine-sulfuric anhydride) in 6.6 ml of dimethylformamide wasagitated for 70 hours. The dicyclohexylurea was filtered off. The filterwas rinsed with a minimum of dimethylformamide and the filtrate wasdiluted with about 200 ml of ether. After stirring well, the mixture wasfiltered and washed with ether. The combined products were dissolved inmethanol and crystallization occured. The mixture was filtered and theproduct was rinsed with methanol then with ether and dried to obtain 620mg ofcis-4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

STEP D: Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

A mixture of 620 mg of the product of Step C in 0.8 ml of water and 1.62ml of formic acid was heated to 60° C. for 12 minutes andtriphenylcarbinol crystallized out. By cooling and diluting the mixturewith a little water, additional product crystallized. The mixtureadjusted for 10 minutes and was filtered. The product was rinsed withwater and triturated three times with ether. The insoluble product wasdissolved in water and 2 ml of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate wereadded. The mixture was stirred and filtered. The filtrate was rinsedwith water and N hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 2 andcrystallization occured. After stirring for 5 minutes, the mixture wasfiltered and the product was rinsed with water and then with ether anddried to obtain 294 mg of racemate of syn isomer of cis4-(1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazol)-methyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

Analysis: C₁₂ H₁₅ O₆ N₉ S₃ 1/2 H₂ O ; molecular weight =486.51

Calculated: % C29.63% H3.31% N25.91% S19.77

Found: 29.5 3.4 25.8 19.8.

EXAMPLE 3 Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(2-aminoethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1sulfonicacid STEP A: Syn isomer of4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(2-trirtylamino-ethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

A mixture of 1.68 of tosyl chloride and a solution of 6.3 g of the synisomer of2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(2-tritylamino-ethoxy)-imino-acetic acidin 40 ml of methylene chloride and 1.24 ml of triethylamine was stirredfor 40 minutes and then a solution of 1.368 g of4-chloromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride in 40 ml ofmethylene chloride and 2.4 ml of triethylamine was added thereto all atonce. The mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature and waterwas added thereto with vigorous stirring. The aqueous phase wasextracted with methylene chloride and the combined organic phases weredried, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue waschromatographed over silica gel and was eluted with ether to obtain 4.9g of syn isomer of4-chloromethyl-3-[2(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2(2-tritylamino-ethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidinewith an Rf=0.8.

STEP B: Pyridinium4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(2-tritylamino-ethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonate

A mixture of 4.9 g of the product of Step A, 2.6 g of pyridine sulfanand 25 ml of dimethylformamide was stirred at room temperature for 4days and was then poured into one liter of water containing 500 ml ofether. The insolubles were triturated and filtered. The product wasrinsed with ether and dried to obtain 6.6 g of pyridinium4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(2-tritylamino-ethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonatewith an Rf=0.4 (eluant -65-20-15 methylene chloride-ethylacetate-ethanol mixture).

STEP C: Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(2-aminoethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1sulfonicacid

A suspension of 5.3 g of the product of Step B in 42 ml of formic acidcontaining 33% water was heated at 55° to 60° C. for 12 minutes and wascooled and diluted with 30 ml of water. The mixture was filtered and thefilter was rinsed with water. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness ina water bath at 40° C. The residue was twice taken up in a water-ethanolmixture and evaporated to dryness. The residue was added to water andthe pH was made alkaline by slow addition of aqueous saturated sodiumbicarbonate solution. The mixture was filtered and the filter was rinsedwith water, 2N hydrochloric acid was added to the filtrate to adjust thepH to 4-15 and crystallization was effected. The mixture was stirred forone hour and was filtered. The product was rinsed with water and thenwith ether to obtain 700 mg of racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(2-aminoethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

Analysis: C₁₁ H₁₅ O₆ N₆ S₂ Cl

Calculated: % C30.95% H3.54

Found: 30.9 3.8.

EXAMPLE 4 Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-hydroxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A: Syn isomer of4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

A mixture of 1.527 g of the syn isomer of sodium2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetic acid, 419 mg oftosyl chloride and 15 ml of methylene chloride was stirred for 40minutes and then a solution of 342 mg of4-chloromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride in 15 ml ofmethylene chloride and 0.6 ml of triethylaime was added thereto. Themixture was stirred for 2 hours and water was added thereto withstirring. The decanted aqueous phase was extracted with methylenechloride and the combined organic phases were dried, filtered andevaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue waschromatographed over silica gel and was eluted with ether to obtain 736mg of syn isomer of4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine.

STEP B: Pyridinium4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonate

A solution of 1.248 g of the product of Step A, 640 mg of pyridinesulfan and 6.8 ml of anhydrous dimethylformamide stood at roomtemperature for 4 hours and was then poured into 300 ml of ether. Themixture was triturated and filtered and the product was rinsed withether and empasted with 10 ml of methanol. The mixture was stirred for15 minutes and was filtered. The product was rinsed with methanol andwith ether and dried to obtain 1.02 g of pyridinium4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonate.

STEP C: Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-hydroxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

A suspension of 1.02 g of the product of Step B in 9.1 ml of formic acidcontaining 33% water was heated at 60° C. for 15 minutes and was reactedas in Step C of Example 3 to obtain 119 mg of racemate of syn isomer ofcis4-chloromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-hydroxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

EXAMPLE 5 Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A: N-methyl-N-methoxy-fluoroacetamide

50 ml of methoxymethylamine were slowly added under an inert atmosphereto a mixture of 27.2 g of fluoroacetyl fluoride in 120 ml of methylenechloride at 5° C. while keeping the temperature below 20° C. and themixture was stirred at 20° C. for 2 hours and was then filtered. Themixture was evaporated to dryness and the residue was rectified underreduced pressure to obtain 30.9 g of N-methyl-N-methoxyfluoroacetamideboiling at 93° C. at 23 mm Hg.

STEP B: Fluoroacetaldehyde hydrate

74 ml of a 1M solution of diisobutyl aluminum hydride in hexane wereslowly added at 2° C. to a solution of 7.8 g of the product of Step A in133 ml of tetrahydrofuran and the temperature was allowed to slowly riseto room temperature. The mixture was poured into a mixture of 28 ml ofconcentrated hydrochloric acid and 56 ml of water with cooling and themixture was distilled at atmospheric pressure to obtain 38 ml offluoroacetaldehyde hydrate diluted with water with a boiling point of75° to 100.5° C.

STEP C: Cis4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-1-(1-phenylethyl)-azetidine

8.8 ml of DL α-phenyl-ethylamine were added over 15 minutes to a mixtureof 69 ml of the solution of Step B and 100 ml of water cooled in an icebath and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes and was filtered. Thefilter was rinsed with water and the filtrate was added to 130 ml ofmethylene chloride. The mixture was refluxed until total dissolutionoccured and was cooled. The decanted organic phase was dried and cooledto -50° C. under an inert atmosphere while slowly adding thereto asolution of 15.4 g of phthalimidoacetyl chloride, 60 ml of methylenechloride and 10.4 ml of triethylamine. The temperature was allowed torise to 20° C. and stirred for one hour at 20° C. 25 ml of 10% sodiumbicarbonate solution and 60 ml of water were added thereto with stirringand the mixture was extracted with methylene chloride. The organic phasewas dried and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residuewas chromatographed over silica gel and was eluted with methylenechloride containing 10% ether to obtain 13.7 g of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-1-(1-phenyl-ethyl)-azetidine.

Analysis: C₂₀ H₁₇ O₃ N₂ F; molecular weight=352.37

Calculated: %C 68.17 %H 4.86 %N 7.95 %F 5.39

Found: 68.2 4.9 7.8 5.6.

STEP D: Racemate of cis 4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine

130 ml of water were added to a solution of 13.7 g of Step C in 200 mlof acetonitrile and a solution of 22.2 g of ammonium persulfate in 52 mlof water were added thereto at reflux. The mixture was refluxed for 105minutes and was cooled. The mixture was saturated with sodium chlorideand the decanted organic phase was washed with aqueous saturated sodiumchloride solution. The wash water was extracted with ethyl acetate andthe combined organic phases were dried and evaporated to dryness. Theresidue was chromatographed over silica gel and was eluted with a 3-1methylene chloride-ethyl acetate mixture. The product was washed withether to obtain 3.756 g of racemate of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine.

IR Spectrum (chloroform): Absorption at 3430 cm⁻¹ (NH); at 1790, 1770and 1725 cm⁻¹ (c=0 of β-lactam and phthalimido).

STEP E: Cis 4-fluoromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride

14 ml of a solution of 1 ml of hydrazine hydrate in 50 ml of dioxanewere added to a suspension of 1.24 g of the product of Step D in 1.2 mlof dioxane and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 45minutes and 5 ml of N hydrochloric acid were added thereto. The mixturewas stirred for 15 hours and was evaporated to dryness. The residue wasadded to water and 2.3 ml of N hydrochloric acid with stirring and themixture was filtered. Ethanol was added to the filtrate and the mixturewas evaporated to dryness. Methanol was added to the residue followed byethanol addition and the mixture was evaporated to dryness. The productwas crystallized from methanol to obtain 0.391 g of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride melting at ≃220° C.(decomposition).

STEP F: Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

A mixture of 0.915 g of the syn isomer of2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetic acid, 7 ml ofacetone and 0.319 g of tosyl chloride was stirred at 20° C. for 50minutes and was filtered and a solution of 0.216 g of the product ofStep E, 0.42 ml of triethylamine and 7 ml of methylene chloride wereadded thereto. The mixture was stirred for 45 minutes and was evaporatedto dryness. The residue was added to water with efflorescence and wasvacuum filtered. The product was empasted with acetone and was vacuumfiltered. The product was empasted with ethyl acetate to obtain 0.654 gof racemate of syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine.

Analysis: C₂₉ H₂₆ O₃ N₅ SF; molecular weight=543.62

Calculated: %C 64.07 %H 4.82 %N 12.88 %S 5.90 %F 3.49

Found: 64.0 4.9 12.4 5.9 3.4.

STEP G: Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid

A mixture of 0.564 g of the product of Step F, 0.410 g of pyridinesulfan and 4.1 ml of dimethylformamide was stirred at 20° C. for 88hours and was then poured into 200 ml of ether. The mixture was vacuumfiltered and the product was stirred with methanol and vacuum filtered.The crystals were dried to obtain 0.473 of the pyridinium salt of theracemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

A suspension of 0.470 g of the said product in 1.87 ml of formic acidcontaining 33% of water was heated at 55° to 60° C. for 5 minutes andthen at 70° C. for 13 minutes and 1.2 ml of formic acid were addedthereto. The mixture was heated at 70° C. for 15 minutes and was cooledto 20° C. and filtered. Ethanol was added to the filtrate which was thenevaporated to dryness. The residue was added to water and ethanol andthe mixture was evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved inwater and 1.6 ml of 10% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was addedthereto. The mixture was filtered and 2N hydrochloric acid was added tothe filtrate to adjust the pH to 2. The water was evaporated and theresidue was empasted with water. The mixture was filtered and theproduct was rinsed with water, then with ether and dried to obtain 0.140g of racemate of syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid melting at ≃240° C. with decomposition.

Analysis: C₁₀ H₁₂ O₆ N₅ S₂ F; molecular weight=381.36

Calculated: %C 31.50 %H 3.17 %N 18.36 %S 16.81 %F 4.98

Found: 31.6 3.2 18.5 16.5 5.1.

EXAMPLE 6 Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(1-carboxy-1-methyl-ethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A: Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(1-tertbutoxycarbonyl-1-methyl-ethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

0.229 g of tosyl chloride was added to a mixture of 0.686 g of the synisomer of2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(1-tertbutoxycarbonyl-1-methyl-ethoxy)-imino-aceticacid (described in French patent application Ser. No. 2,421,906), 5 mlof acetone and 0.17 ml of triethylamine and the mixture was stirred for50 minutes and filtered. A solution of 0.155 g of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride in 5 ml ofmethylene chloride and 0.3 ml of triethylamine was added with stirringto the filtrate and the mixture was stirred for 55 minutes at 20° C. Themixture was evaporated to dryness and the residue was added to methylenechloride and water. 2 ml of 10% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution wereadded to the stirred mixture and the decanted aqueous phase wasextracted with methylene chloride. The combined organic phases wereevaporated to dryness and the residue was chromatographed over silicagel. Elution with ether yielded 0.613 g of racemate of the syn isomer ofcis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(1-tertbutoxycarbonyl-1-methylethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine.

STEP B: Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(1-carboxy-1-methyl-ethoxy)-iminoacetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonic acid

A solution of the product of Step A, 0.36 g of pyridine sulfan and 3.6ml of dimethylformamide was stirred at 20° C. for 62 hours and was thenpoured into water. The stirred mixture was vacuum filtered and theproduct was dried to obtain 0.518 g of the pyridinium salt of theracemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(1-carboxy-1-methyl-ethoxy)-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid. A solution of the said product in 2.9 ml of trifluoroacetic acidwas held at 20° C. for 15 minutes and 29 ml of isopropyl ether wereadded thereto. The mixture was filtered and the product was empastedwith ethyl acetate for 15 minutes and was filtered. The product wasdried and dissolved in a small amount of water containing 1 ml of 10%sodium bicarbonate solution. The mixture was filtered and the pH of thefiltrate was adjusted to 2 by addition of 2N hycrochloric acid. Themixture was filtered and the water was partially evaporated. The mixturewas iced and vacuum filtered. The crystals were rinsed with ether toobtain 0.094 g of racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(1-carboxy-1-methyl-ethoxy)-iminoacetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid melting at ≃230° C. (decomposition).

NMR Spectrum (dimethylsulfoxide-90 MHz): Peaks at 1.5 ppm (hydrogens ofmethyl); 3.78 to 4.94 ppm (4-hydrogen and hydrogens of --CH₂ F); at5.22-5.27-5.32-5.37 ppm (4-hydrogen); at 6.88 ppm (5-hydrogen of synthiazole); at 9.21 and 9.31 ppm (hydrogen of ##STR59##

EXAMPLE 7 Racemate of the syn isomer of cis 4-thiocyanatomethyl3-[2-(2-amino4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonic acidSTEP A: Racemate of cis 4-iodomethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine

A mixture of 26.5 g of cis 4-chloromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-acetidine,30 g of sodium iodide and 80 ml of dimethylformamide was heated at 120°C. for 2 hours and was cooled and poured into a mixture of 800 ml ofwater and 100 ml of ethyl acetate with stirring. The mixture wasfiltered and the product was rinsed with water, then with ethyl acetateuntil decoloration occured and with ether. The mother liquors weredecanted and the organic phase was evaporated to dryness. The residuewas taken up in ethyl acetate and the solution was filtered. The productwas raised with ethyl acetate and dried to obtain 2 crops totalling 28.4g of racemate of cis 4-iodomethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine.

STEP B: Racemate of cis4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine

1.5 g of potassium thiocyanate were added at 75° C. with stirring to amixture of 1.78 g of the product of Step A in 5 ml of dimethylformamideand the mixture was stirred for 31/2 hours and was poured into water.The mixture was vacuum filtered and the product was washed with waterand dried. The product was empasted with hot isopropyl ether, vacuumfiltered and dried to obtain 1.25 g of racemate of cis4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-azetidine.

STEP C: Cis 4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride

A hot mixture of 1.45 g of the product of Step B in 15 ml of hot dioxanewas cooled and 0.3 ml of hydrazine hydrate was added thereto. Themixture was stirred for 50 minutes at 20° C. and 7.5 ml of Nhydrochloric acid were added thereto. The mixture was stirred for 15hours and vacuum filtered. The filtrate was rinsed with water and thefiltrate was evaporated to dryness to obtain 0.914 g of cis4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride.

STEP D: Racemate of syn isomer of cis4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

1 ml of triethylamine and then 1.38 g of tosyl chloride were added to asuspension of 3.19 g of the syn isomer of2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetic acid in 50 ml ofmethylene chloride and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for40 minutes. A solution of 1.162 g of the product of Step C in 40 ml ofmethylene chloride and 2 ml of trietylamine were added to the mixtureover 5 minutes and the mixture was stirred for 4 hours, was washed withwater, then with water containing 4 ml of N hydrochloric acid, dried andevaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate andthe solution was iced and vacuum filtered. The product was washed withmethanol and dried to obtain 0.709 g of racemate of syn isomer of cis4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine.The mother liquors were evaporated to dryness and the residue waschromatographed over silica gel. Elution with a 93-7 chloroform-methanolmixture yielded another 1.069 g of the said product.

STEP E: Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid

A mixture of 1.7 g of the product of Step D, 12 ml of dimethylformamideand 1.16 g of pyridine sulfan was stirred at 20° C. for 90 hours and waspoured into ether with stirring. The precipitate was taken up inmethanol and the mixture was cooled and vacuum filtered to obtain 2crops of 0.544 g of the pyridinium salt of the sulfonic acid. A mixtureof 0.42 g of the said salt in 4 ml of formic acid containing 33% ofwater was heated at 60° C. with stirring for 20 minutes and the mixturewas cooled to 20° C. 40 ml of ether were added to the mixture which wasthen stirred at 0° to 5° C. for one hour and was vacuum filtered. Theproduct was rinsed with ether and triturated with aqueous 0.1N sodiumbicarbonate solution. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate wasadjusted to a pH of 2 by addition of N hydrochloric acid. The mixturewas cooled and vacuum filtered and the crystals were washed with waterand dried to obtain 0.237 g of racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-thiocyanatomethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid melting at 265° C. (decomposition).

Analysis: C₁₁ H₁₂ N₆ O₆ S₃ ; molecular weight=420.54

Calculated: %C 31.42 %H 2.88 %N 19.99 %S 22.88

Found: 31.2 3.2 19.7 22.6.

EXAMPLE 8 Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A: Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

0.339 g of tosyl chloride were added to a mixture of 0.914 g of the synisomer of 2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxyimino-aceticacid, 7 ml of acetone and 0.25 ml of trietylamine and the mixture wasstirred for 50 minutes after which a solution of 0.23 g of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride, 7 ml of methylenechloride and 0.45 ml of triethylamine was added thereto. The mixture wasstirred for 90 minutes and was evaporated to dryness. The residue wasadded to methylene chloride and water and then 3 ml of 10% sodiumbicarbonate solution. The mixture was stirred and the decanted aqueousphase was extracted with methylene chloride. The combined organic phaseswere dried and evaporated to dryness. The residue was taken up inethanol and the solution was cooled and vacuum filtered. The crystalswere rinsed with ethanol, then with ether and dried to obtain 0.537 g ofracemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine.STEP B: Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid

A solution of the product of Step A, 0.37 g of pyridine sulfan and 3.7ml of dimethylformamide was stirred at 20° C. for 72 hours and waspoured into 150 ml of ether. The mixture was filtered and the productwas washed with ether and was dissolved in ethanol. The solution wasstirred and filtered. The crystals were washed with ether and dried toobtain 0.506 g of racemate of the syn isomer of pyridinium cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonate.

A mixture of 0.76 g of the said product in 4 ml of formic acidcontaining 33% water was heated at 60° C. for 15 minutes and was thendiluted with water and was filtered. Ethanol was added to the filtratewhich was evaporated to dryness. The residue was taken up in awater-ethanol mixture which was then evaporated to dryness. The residuewas taken up in water and 2 ml of 10% sodium bicarbonate were addedthereto. The mixture was filtered and the pH of the filtrate wasadjusted to 2 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid. The mixture wasconcentrated and stood for crystallization and was then filtered. Theproduct was washed with water, then with ether and dried to obtain 0.312g of racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-difluoromethoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

Analysis: C₁₀ H₁₀ O₆ N₅ S₂ F₃ ;

Calculated: %C 28.78 %H 2.41 %N 16.78 %S 13.66 %F 15.36

Found: 28.9 2.5 16.6 13.4 15.3.

NMR Spectrum (DMSO-90 MHz): Peaks at 4.39 and 4.94 ppm (hydrogens of--CH₂ F); at 5.21-5.26-5.3 ppm and 5.35 ppm (3-hydrogen-cis); at6.38-7.15 ppm and 7.93 ppm (hydrogen of --CHF₂); at 7.01 ppm (5-hydrogenof thiazolyl); at 9.66 and 9.76 ppm (--CONH hydrogen).

IR Spectrum (chloroform): Absorption at 1770 cm⁻¹ (lactam carbonyl); at1675 cm⁻¹ (amide); at 1640 cm⁻¹ (amide II); at 1585 cm⁻¹ (conjugatedsystem); at 1530 cm⁻¹ (thiazole); at 1280-1270 cm⁻¹ (--SO₃ H); and at1052 cm⁻¹ ##STR60##

EXAMPLE 9 Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-hydroxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A: Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine

0.228 g of tosyl chloride were added to a mixture of 0.806 g of the synisomer of 2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetic acid, 5ml of acetone and 0.17 ml of triethylamine and the mixture was stirredfor one hour. A solution of 0.155 g of4-fluoromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride in 5 ml ofmethylene chloride and 0.31 ml of triethylamine was added to the mixturewhich was stirred for 20 minutes and added to methylene chloride. Themixture was stirred for 90 minutes and was evaporated to dryness. Theresidue was added to methylene chloride and water with stirring and thedecanted organic phase was dried and evaporated to dryness. The residuewas chromatographed over silica gel and was eluted with ether to obtain0.598 g of racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-trityloxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine.

STEP B: Racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-hydroxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid

Using the procedure of Step B of Example 4, the product of Step A wasreacted to obtain racemate of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-hydroxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid.

EXAMPLE 10 Optically active cis3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-oxo-azetidine STEP A: Optically activecis N-(1-phenyl)-ethyl-3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-oxo-azetidine

2.55 ml of (+) (1-phenyl)-ethylamine were added with stirring at 0° to5° C. to a solution of 2.5 ml of aqueous 50% chloroacetaldehyde hydratein 50 ml of water and the mixture was stirred for 6 minutes and wasvacuum filtered. The product was rinsed with water and was taken up in achloroform-methylene chloride mixture. The solution was dried, cooledunder an inert gas to -50° C. and a solution of 4.5 g ofphthalimidoacetyl chloride in 25 ml of methylene chloride and a solutionof 2.74 ml of triethylamine in 20 ml of methylene chloride weresimultaneously and slowly added to the mixture. The temperature wasallowed to rise to room temperature and the mixture was stirred for 21/2hours and was poured into a mixture of water and sodium bicarbonate. Themixture was extracted with chloroform and the organic phase was driedand evaporated to dryness. The residue was taken up in ethanol and thesolution was filtered. The filter was washed with a methylenechloride-ethanol mixture and the filtrate was treated with activatedcarbon, concentrated and allowed to crystallize to obtain 2 crops of1.364 g of crystals. The mother liquors were chromatographed over silicagel and eluted with an 8-2 chloroform-ethyl acetate mixture to obtain1.58 g for a total yield of 2.944 g of optically active cisN-(1-phenyl)-ethyl-3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-oxo-azetidine whichwas a sole diastereoisomer.

STEP B: Optically active cis3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-oxo-azetidine

A mixture of 0.3 g of the product of Step A in 2 ml of acetonitrile washeated at 90° to 95° C. with stirring and a solution of 0.502 g ofammonium persulfate in 2 ml of water was slowly added thereto. Themixture was stirred for 105 minutes and was then poured into water. Themixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic phase waswashed with aqueous sodium thiosulfate, dried and evaporated to drynessto obtain 0.058 g of optically active cis3-phthalimido-4-chloromethyl-2-oxo-azetidine with a specific rotation of[α]_(D) ²⁰ =+10.5°±1° (chloroform) and melting at 172° C. The productcould be reacted by the procedure of Examples 1,2,4 or 5 to obtain thecorresponding optically active isomers of formula I.

EXAMPLE 11 (3S,4S)ΔZ4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid STEP A:4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-1-(1-phenylethyl)-azetidine

A mixture of 96.6 ml of an aqueous solution of 0.797 M per liter offluoroacetaldehyde hydrate, 100 ml of iced aqueous saturated sodiumchloride solution and 9.8 ml of R(+) phenethylamine was stirred for 10minutes and was then extracted with 192 ml of chloroform. The organicphase was dried and cooled to -70° C. under an inert atmosphere and thena solution of 16.8 g of phthalimidoacetyl chloride in 77 ml ofchloroform and a solution of 7.8 g of triethylamine in 77 ml ofchloroform were simultaneously added to the mixture over 15 minutes at-50°±2° C. The mixture was heated to room temperature and was allowed tostand for one hour after which 46 ml of an aqueous 10% sodiumbicarbonate solution were added thereto. Then, 77 ml of water were addedand the mixture was vigorously stirred. The decanted aqueous phase wasextracted with methylene chloride and the combined organic phases werewashed with water, dried and evaporated to dryness under reducedpressure. The residue was chromatographed over silica gel and elutedwith a 95-5 benzene-acetone mixture to obtain 10.3 g of the 3S,4S isomerof 4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-1-(1-phenyl-ethyl)-azetidine witha specific rotation of [α]_(D) ²⁰ =-29°±1.5° (c=1% in methanol) and 2.5g of the corresponding 3R,4R isomer with a specific rotation of [α]_(D)²⁰ =50°+1.5° (c=1% in chloroform).

Analysis: C₂₀ H₁₇ O₃ N₂ F; molecular weight=352.37

Calculated: %C 68.2 %H 4.86 %N 7.95 %F 5.40

Found:

3S,4S isomer 68.4 4.9 8.0 5.3

3R,4R isomer 67.1 4.8 7.4 5.1.

STEP B: (3S,4S) 4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-1-azetidine

A mixture of 9.8 g of the (3S,4S) isomer of Step A, 150 ml ofacetonitrile and 96.5 ml of water was heated to reflux and a solution of15.9 g of ammonium peroxydisulfate in 39 ml of water was added theretoover 15 minutes. The mixture was refluxed for 90 minutes and then cooledand saturated with sodium chloride. The mixture was extracted with ethylacetate and the organic phase was washed with 100 ml of aqueoussaturated sodium chloride solution containing 20 g of sodiumthiosulfate, dried and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. Theresidue was chromatographed over silica gel and eluted with a 3-1methylene chloride-ethyl acetate mixture. The product was crystallizedfrom ether to obtain 2.33 g of (3S,4S)4-fluoromethyl-3-phthalimido-2-oxo-1-azetidine with a specific rotationof [α]_(D) ²⁰ =+7°±1% (c=1% in methanol) and melting at 160°-162° C.

STEP C: (3S,4S) 4-fluoromethyl-3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride

26 ml of a solution of 1 ml of hydrazine hydrate in 50 ml of dioxanewere added over 20 minutes to a mixture of 2.3 g of the product of StepB and 2.3 ml of dioxane and after standing at room temperature for 45minutes, 9.3 ml of N hydrochloric acid were added thereto. The mixturewas stirred under an inert atmosphere at room temperature for 16 hoursand was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue wastaken up in 100% ethanol and the solution was evaporated to dryness. Theresidue was dissolved in a minimum of methanol and ethanol was addedthereto after which the mixture was evaporated to dryness. The residuewas dissolved in a minimum of refluxing methanol and the solution wasiced and vacuum filtered. The product was rinsed with cold methanol andwith ether to obtain 1.10 g of (3S,4S)4-fluoromethyl-2-amino-2-oxo-azetidine hydrochloride melting at >220° C.(decomposition) and having a specific rotation of [α]_(D) ²⁰ =-25.5°±1°(c=1% in methanol).

Analysis: C₄ H₈ ON₂ ClF; molecular weight=154.57

Calculated: %C 31.08 %H 5.22 %N 18.12 %Cl 22.24 %F 12.29

Found: 32.1 5.2 17.0 20.8 11.4.

STEP D: the syn isomer of (3S,4S)4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-1-azetidine

A mixture of 2.85 g of 2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl-2-methoxyimino-aceticacid, 0.92 ml of triethylamine, 33 ml of acetone and 1.23 g of tosylchloride was stirred for 40 minutes and then a solution of 0.95 g of theproduct of Step C, 1.85 ml of triethylamine and 33 ml of methylenechloride was added thereto. The mixture was evaporated to dryness andthe residue was taken up in ethyl acetate. The organic solution waswashed with water, with aqueous 10% sodium bicarbonate solution, driedand evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue waschromatographed over silica gel and eluted with a 8-2 methylenechloride-acetone mixture. The product was crystallized from ethylacetate to obtain 1.36 g of the syn isomer of (3S,4S)4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-tritylamino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-1-azetidinemelting at >220° C. (decomposition) and having a specific rotation of[α]_(D) ²⁰ =-2°±0.5° (c=1% in dimethylformamide).

Analysis: C₂₉ H₂₆ O₃ N₅ SF; molecular weight=543.62

Calculated: %C 64.07 %H 4.82 %N 12.9 %S 5.9 %F 3.49

Found: 63.7 4.9 12.6 5.9 3.3.

STEP E: the syn isomer of (3S,4S)4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-1-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid

A mixture of 660 mg of the product of Step D, 600 mg of a complex ofpyridine and SO₃ and 5 ml of dimethylformamide were stirred under aninert atmosphere for 90 hours and was evaporated to dryness underreduced pressure. 600 mg of a pyridine-SO₃ complex and 3 ml ofdimethylformamide were added to the residue and the mixture was stirredfor 48 hours and poured into 250 ml of ether. The decanted aqueous phasewas added to acetone and the mixture was filtered to remove excesscomplex. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and the residue wasdissolved in methanol and chromatographed under pressure over silicagel. Methanol was used as the eluate and the eluate was evaporated todryness. The residue was taken up in 3 ml of formic acid containing 33%of water and the mixture was heated at 50° C. with stirring for 30minutes and was then filtered. Ethanol was added to the filtrate and themixture was evaporated to dryness. The process was repeated severaltimes to the point of crystallization. The mixture was vacuum filteredand the 150 mg of product were purified by passage through Mitsubishiresin HP20 to obtain 55 mg of the syn isomer of (3S,4S)4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-1-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid melting at >220° C. (decomposition) and having a specific rotationof [α]_(D) ²⁰ =-14.5±2° (c=0.3% in water).

Analysis: C₁₀ H₁₂ O₆ N₅ S₂ F; molecular weight=381.36

Calculated: %C 31.5 %H 3.17 %N 18.35 %S 16.8 %F 4.98

Found: 31.6 3.1 17.9 16.0 4.8.

EXAMPLE 12

An injectable solution was prepared by dissolving 500 mg of the racemateof the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid or (3S,4S) ΔZ4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid and sufficient sterile aqueous excipient for a volume of 5 ml.Gelules were prepared containing 250 mg of the racemate of the synisomer of cis4-fluoro-methyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid or the syn isomer of (3S,4S)4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid and sufficient excipient for a capsule weighing 400 mg.

PHARMACOLOGICAL DATA A. Activity in vitro-method of dilutions in liquidmedium

A series of tubes was prepared in which the same amount of sterilenutritive medium was distributed and there was distributed in each tubeincreasing amounts of the test product. Then, each tube was inoculatedwith a bacterial strain and after incubation for twenty-four orforty-eight hours in an oven at 37° C., the inhibition of the growth wasevaluated by trans-illumination to determine the minimum inhibitingconcentrations (M.I.C.), expressed in μg/ml. The determined results arereported in the following Tables.

    ______________________________________                                        Product of Example 1                                                                              M.I.C. in μg/ml                                        STRAINS               24 Hr.  48 Hr.                                          ______________________________________                                        Escherichia Coli Sensitive to                                                                       1.25    1.25                                            Tetracycline 7624                                                             Escherichia Coli Resistant to                                                                       0.16    0.16                                            Tetracycline AT CC 11 303                                                     Enterobacter Cloacae 681                                                                            2.5     2.5                                             Escherichia Coli Resistant to                                                                       0.62    0.62                                            Gentamycine Tobramycine R55 123 D                                             Klebsiella Pneumoniae Exp. 52145                                                                    1.25    2.5                                             Klebsiella Pneumoniae 2536                                                                          2.5     2.5                                             Resistant Gentamycine                                                         Proteus mirabilis (indol -) A 235                                                                   0.16    0.16                                            Proteus vulgaris (indol +) A 232                                                                    0.08    0.08                                            Salmonella typhimurium 420                                                                          1.25    1.25                                            Providencia Du 48     0.62    0.62                                            Serratia Resistant to Gentamycine                                                                   5       5                                               2 532                                                                         ______________________________________                                                       M.I.C. in μg/ml                                                            Product of                                                                              Product of                                                          example 3 example 4                                            STRAINS          24 Hr.  48 Hr.  24 Hr.                                                                              48 Hr.                                 ______________________________________                                        Escherichia Coli Sensitive to                                                                  1.2     1.2     0.6   0.6                                    Tetracycline 7624                                                             Escherichia Coli Resistant to                                                                  0.6     0.6     0.6   0.6                                    Tetracycline AT CC 11 303                                                     Escherichia Coli Resistant to                                                                  1.2     1.2     0.6   0.6                                    Gentamycine Tobramycine                                                       R 55 123 D                                                                    Klebsiella Pneumoniae                                                                          5       10      5     5                                      Exp. 52 145                                                                   Klebsiella Pneumoniae 2 536                                                                    2.5     2.5     2.5   2.5                                    Resistant Gentamycine                                                         Proteus mirabilis (indol -)                                                                    0.6     0.6     0.6   1.2                                    A 235                                                                         Proteus vulgaris (indol +)                                                                     1.2     1.2     0.6   0.6                                    A 232                                                                         Salmonella typhimurium 420                                                                     2.5     5       1.2   2.5                                    Providencia Du 48                                                                              2.5     2.5     0.6   1.2                                    Serratia Resistant to Gentamy-                                                                 2.5     5       5     5                                      cine 2 532                                                                    ______________________________________                                    

    ______________________________________                                        Product of Example 5                                                                            M.I.C. in μg/ml                                          Strains             24 H    48 H                                              ______________________________________                                        Pseudomonas aeruginosa                                                                            0.6     1.2                                               1771 m                                                                        Escherichia coli    ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      UC 1894                                                                       Escherichia coli    0.15    0.15                                              0 78                                                                          Escherichia coli    0.15    0.15                                              T E M                                                                         Escherichia coli    0.15    0.15                                              1507 E                                                                        Escherichia coli    0.3     0.3                                               DC 0                                                                          Escherichia coli    0.15    0.3                                               DC 2                                                                          Salmonella typhimurium                                                                            0.08    0.08                                              MZ 11                                                                         Klebsiella pneumoniae                                                                             0.3     0.3                                               Exp. 52 145                                                                   Klebsiella aerogenes                                                                              5       5                                                 1082 E                                                                        Klebsiella aerogenes                                                                              0.15    0.15                                              1522 E                                                                        Enterobacter cloacae                                                                              0.08    0.08                                              1321 E                                                                        Serratia RG 2532    0.06    1.2                                               Proteus mirabilis (indol -)                                                                       0.08    0.08                                              A 235                                                                         Proteus vulgaris (indol +)                                                                        ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      A 232                                                                         Providencia Du 48   0.3     0.3                                               ______________________________________                                    

    ______________________________________                                        Product of Example 6                                                                            M.I.C. in μg/ml                                          Strain              24 H    48 H                                              ______________________________________                                        Pseudomonas aeruginosa                                                                            0.3     0.6                                               1771 m                                                                        Escherichia coli    0.08    0.08                                              UC 1894                                                                       Escherichia coli    0.3     0.3                                               0 78                                                                          Escherichia coli    0.6     0.6                                               T E M                                                                         Escherichia coli    0.6     0.6                                               1507 E                                                                        Escherichia coli    0.6     0.6                                               DC 0                                                                          Escherichia coli    0.3     0.3                                               DC 2                                                                          Salmonella typhimurium                                                                            0.6     0.6                                               MZ 11                                                                         Klebsiella pneumoniae                                                                             0.6     0.6                                               Exp. 52 145                                                                   Klebsiella aerogenes                                                                              0.6     0.6                                               1082 E                                                                        Klebsiella aerogenes                                                                              0.3     0.3                                               1522 E                                                                        Enterobacter cloacae                                                                              0.3     0.3                                               1321 E                                                                        Serratia RG 2 532   0.3     0.3                                               Proteus mirabilis (indol -)                                                                       ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      A 235                                                                         Proteus vulgaris (indol +)                                                                        ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      A 232                                                                         Providencia Du 48   0.15    0.15                                              ______________________________________                                    

    ______________________________________                                        Product of Example 8                                                                            M.I.C. μg/ml                                             Strains             24 H    48 H                                              ______________________________________                                        Escherichia coli    ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.08                                      UC 1894                                                                       Escherichia coli    0.08    0.08                                              0 78                                                                          Escherichia coli    0.15    0.15                                              T E M                                                                         Escherichia coli    ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      1507 E                                                                        Escherichia coli    0.08    0.08                                              DC 0                                                                          Escherichia coli    ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      DC 2                                                                          Salmonella typhimurium                                                                            0.08    0.08                                              MZ 11                                                                         Klebsiella pneumoniae                                                                             0.3     0.3                                               Exp. 52 145                                                                   Klebsiella aerogenes                                                                              0.08    0.08                                              1522 E                                                                        Enterobacter cloacae                                                                              0.08    0.08                                              1321 E                                                                        Serratia RG 2532    0.6     0.6                                               Proteus mirabilis (indol -)                                                                       ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      A 235                                                                         Proteus vulgaris (indol +)                                                                        ≦0.04                                                                          ≦0.04                                      A 232                                                                         Providencia Du 48   0.3     0.3                                               ______________________________________                                    

    ______________________________________                                        PRODUCT OF EXAMPLE 11                                                                            CM I en                                                    Souches            24 H μg/ml                                              ______________________________________                                        Pseudomonas aeruginosa                                                                            0.6                                                       1771 m                                                                        Escherichia coli    ≦0.04                                              UC 1894                                                                       Escherichia coli    0.08                                                      0 78                                                                          Escherichia coli    0.08                                                      T E M                                                                         Escherichia coli    0.08                                                      1507 E                                                                        Escherichia coli    0.15                                                      DC 0                                                                          Escherichia coli    0.15                                                      DC 2                                                                          Salmonella typhimurium                                                                            ≦0.04                                              MZ 11                                                                         Klebsiella pneumoniae                                                                             0.08                                                      Exp. 52 145                                                                   Klebsiella aerogenes                                                                              10                                                        1082 E                                                                        Klebsiella aerogenes                                                                              0.08                                                      1522 E                                                                        Enterobacter cloacae                                                                              0.08                                                      1321 E                                                                        Serratia RG 2532    2.5                                                       Proteus mirabilis (indol -)                                                                       0.15                                                      A 235                                                                         Proteus vulgaris (indol +)                                                                        ≦0.04                                              A 232                                                                         Providencia Du 48   0.3                                                       ______________________________________                                    

Various modifications of the products and processes of the invention maybe made without departing from the spirit or scope thereof and it is tobe understood that the invention is intended to be limited only asdefined in the appended claims.

What we claim is:
 1. A compound selected from the group consisting ofsyn isomers of racemates and optical isomers of3-amino-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonic acids of the formula ##STR61##wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear orbranched optionally mono-substituted alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms andoptionally substituted alkenyl and alkynyl of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, saidoptional substituent being selected from the group consisting ofcarboxy, pharmaceutically acceptable salified carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl of2 to 7 carbon atoms, carbamoyl, dimethylcarbamoyl, amino, methylamino,ethylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, halogen, alkoxy and alkylthioof 1 to 7 carbon atoms, aryl, arylthio, cyano, tetrazolyl, pyridinyl,tetrazolythio and thiadiazolythio, the latter 4 being optionallysubstituted with alkyl of 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R₁ is --(CH₂)_(n) --X, nis an integer from 1 to 4, X is fluorine, and A¹ is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen and pharmaceutically acceptable metalcations and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid additionsalts, the wavy line indicating the cis form, trans form or cis transforms.
 2. A compound of claim 1 of the formula ##STR62## wherein R₂ isselected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and linear or branchedalkyl optionally substituted by a halogen, carboxyl, cyano or amino, n'is a whole number 1 or 2 and X' is fluoro, in the racemic or opticallyactive form, as well as the non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable saltsof the said compounds with bases or acids.
 3. An antibacterialcomposition comprising an antibacterially effective amount of at leastone compound of claim 1 and an excipient.
 4. A composition of claim 3wherein the compound is of the formula ##STR63## wherein R₂ is selectedfrom the group consisting of hydrogen, and linear or branched alkyloptionally substituted by a halogen, carboxyl, cyano or amino, n' is awhole number 1 or 2 and X' is fluoro, in the racemic or optically activeform, as well as the non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of thesaid compounds with bases or acids.
 5. A composition of claim 4 whereinn' is
 1. 6. A composition of claim 5 wherein R₂ is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxymethyl optionally salifiedor esterified, aminoethyl, cyanomethyl and 1 methyl-1-carboxyethyloptionally salified or esterified with alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 7.A composition of claim 3 wherein the compound is selected from the groupconsisting of the racemate or optically active isomer of the syn isomerof cis 4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxy-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
 8. A compound of claim 2wherein n' is
 1. 9. A compound of claim 8 wherein R₂ is selected fromthe group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, difluoromethyl, carboxymethyloptionally salified or esterified, aminoethyl, cyanomethyl and1-methyl-1-carboxyethyl optionally salified or esterified with alkyl of1 to 6 carbon atoms.
 10. A compound of claim 2 selected from the groupconsisting of the racemate or optically active isomer of the syn isomerof cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxy-imino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
 11. A compound of claim2 wherein R₂ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl,cyanomethyl, carboxymethyl optionally salified or esterified with alkylof 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aminoethyl, and 1-methyl-1-carboxyethyloptionally salified or esterified with alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 12.A composition of claim 4 wherein R₂ is selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxymethyl optionally salified oresterified with alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aminoethyl and1-methyl-1-carboxyethyl optionally salified or esterified with alkyl of1 to 6 carbon atoms.
 13. A method of combatting bacterial infections inwarm-blooded animals comprising administering to warm-blooded animals anantibacterially effective amount of at least one compound of claim 1.14. A method of claim 12 wherein R₂ is selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, methyl, cyanomethyl, carboxymethyl, optionallysalified or esterified with alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, amino ethyl,and 1-methyl-1-carboxyethyl optionally salified or esterified with alkylof 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
 15. A method of claim 13 wherein the compound isof the formula ##STR64## wherein R₂ is selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, and linear or branched alkyl optionallysubstituted by a halogen, carboxyl, cyano or amino, n' is a whole number1 or 2 and X' is fluoro in the racemic or optically active form, as wellas the non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the saidcompounds with bases or acids.
 16. A method of claim 12 wherein n' is 1.17. A method of claim 16 wherein R₂ is selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxymethyl optionally salified oresterified, aminoethyl, cyanomethyl and 1-methyl-1-carboxyethyloptionally salified or esterified with alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 18.A method of claim 13 wherein the compound is selected from the groupconsisting of the racemate or optical isomer of the syn isomer of cis4-fluoromethyl-3-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamido]-2-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonicacid and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.